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Fisk Farm Newsletter, Fall 1996

The Oldest Reefs in the WorldWildlife Habitat | 

The Oldest Reefs in the World

Many people know that the oldest coral reef in the world is located on Isle La Motte. However, few know that there are two even older reefs on the island, which are the subject of intense interest and study by scientists.

UVM Professor of Geology, Charlotte Mehrtens, says that the oldest reefs are found around "The Head" of the south end of the island, slightly younger reefs are found at the Fisk Quarry and the youngest (the famous coral reefs) are located in fields to the north. Together, these three sites provide a unique narrative of events which took place over 450 million years ago in ocean in the Southern Hemisphere, long before the emergence of Lake Champlain - 20 thousand years ago.

Dr. Mehrtens says that the Isle La Motte reefs are not only the oldest in the world, but they provide a "record of the first evidence of the operation of two fundamental principles of biology succession and evolution."

The Isle La Motte reefs are famous all over the world. Dr. Mehrtens and other geologists bring classes of students from UVM and other universities from all over the country. The International Geological Congress visited the Fisk Quarry site in 1989.

According to Professor Mehrtens, these three reefs studied together are of great importance for research science and for education not only for Vermont but on a national and international level. She adds, "the scientific of the fossil reefs is such that every avenue of permanent preservation should be looked into all the way up to National Monument Status."

Wildlife Habitat

On the southwest shore of Isle La Motte is an abundant and diverse wildlife habitat. According to a wildlife biologist this is because the area consists of contiguous mini-habitats of which the old Fisk Quarry is a central feature. The mini-habitats include Lake Champlain, the adjacent quarry wetlands including ponds, emergent marsh, wet woodlands and meadow, old fields and rocky ledge.

An intact food chain functions here as evidenced by such predators as the Great Horned Owl and the River Otter. Mammals inhabiting the area include beaver, muskrat, otter, foxes, coyotes, short tailed Shrew, Eastern Chipmunk, Gray Squirrel, Red Squirrel, raccoons, skunks, cottontails and deer.

Fish in the quarry ponds include brown bullhead, spiny Sticklebacks, Golden Pond Shiner, and a pond minnow. The ponds and marshes in Fisk Quarry house bullfrogs, Leopard Frogs, Spring Peepers, and Gray Treefrogs, Painted and Wood turtles.

As a sanctuary for birds, the habitat is on a par with Missiquoi according one birder. During 3 weeks in spring, 106 species were sited. Mallards and Wood Duck breed and feed in the quarry ponds. Common Mergansers, Blue- winged Teal and Great Blue and Green Herons frequent the quarry wetlands. Ruffle Grouse, Woodcock, Northern Harrier, Rough-legged Hawk, Northern Shrike, Great Horned Owl, Pileated Woodpecker and Common Snipe have been sighted in the adjoining fields and woods.


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